CTNND1 (Catenin Delta-1), also known as δ-catenin, is a member of the p120-catenin subfamily of armadillo-related proteins. It plays a role in cell-cell adhesion, Wnt signaling, and neuronal development by interacting with cadherins, such as E-cadherin and N-cadherin, and modulating their stability at adherens junctions. Dysregulation of CTNND1 has been implicated in cancers (e.g., prostate, breast, lung) and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, where altered expression or mutations may contribute to tumor metastasis or synaptic dysfunction.
CTNND1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its localization, expression levels, and molecular interactions in these contexts. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to investigate CTNND1’s role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and neuronal signaling pathways. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies targeting specific epitopes (e.g., N-terminal, C-terminal domains) are available, often validated in human, mouse, or rat models. However, variability in antibody specificity and cross-reactivity requires careful validation, as CTNND1 shares structural homology with other catenins. Research using these antibodies has highlighted its dual roles as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor, depending on cellular context, underscoring its complexity in disease mechanisms.